The municipality of Bijeljina is located in the north-eastern part of the Republic of Srpska. Its neighboring municipalities, in the west and south, are Brčko, Lopare, Ugljevik and Zvornik. North and east, it is bordered by the rivers Sava and Drina, while its southwest borders are the slopes of the Majevica Mountain. It spreads from a latitude of 44 degrees and 34 minutes to 44 degrees and 55 minutes and from a longitude of 18 a 56 minutes to 19 degrees and 23 minutes east. The territory of the municipality covers 734 square kilometers of predominantly plain and plain-hilly Semberija lowland and this is corroborated by the datum that an average altitude is approximately 90 meters. Semberija used to be the bottom of the Pannonian Sea and its today's appearance is the consequence of eolian erosion and river flooding, therefore fertile black soil prevails, which makes this area, together with favorable - climatic conditions, the most fertile region in (he Republic of Srpska.

The climate is moderate continental with an average annual temperature of around 12 degrees Celsius, with 90 to 120 days of precipitation during the year, whereby an average amount of precipitation in the vegetative period is around 350, and an average annual amount is around 850 millimeters per square meter. The heaviest precipitation is in May and June, and the least in July and September. Snow stays on the average about 40 days annually.

By its square area, the municipality of Bijeljina is the eighth among 68 municipalities in the Republic of Srpska, and it is the second by the number of inhabitants, which points to its above- average population densitiy. Here, before the last civil war, in 60 settlements with around 31 thousand households, used to live around 100 thousand inhabitants - 27 percent were Muslim, 70 percent were Serbs and 3 percent were the members of other nationalities. Today, there are about 150 thousand inhabitants in this municipality due to the fact that, during the war, about 50 thousand refugees and displaced population looked for and found refuge in this area and most of them stayed there.

By its geographic position, the town of Bijeljina is a crossroad of a vital importance for the Republic of Srpska; it is an administrative, economic, cultural and educational, health and transport centre, not only of the municipality, but of the entire region of Semberija and Majevica. In the former Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, it was the eighth town by its size - after Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Zenica, Tuzla, Mostar, Bihać and Brčko and, today, it is the second town in the Republic of Srpska; the only bigger town is Banja Luka. It is well connected with all parts of the Republic of Srpska by its modern asphalt roads that are about 150 kilometers long, as well as with Serbia from the border of which it is only 12 kilometers away. It is separated from the Republic of Croatia by 45 kilometers, so for Bijeljina it could be said that it is the town at a tri-border point.

With Serbia and the major railroad line Belgrade-Zagreb, Bijeljina is connected by a rail-road line Bijeljina-Sid. It is connected to the waterway of the river Sava at Raca that has a tradition of an important river port although port services have been, in the meantime, shifted to the town of Brčko. However, an impressive memory remained that, in the recent past, Rača was a major settlement with a hotel a quay for ships, and the seat of the agency for river shipping, cereals silo, and a cable way for reloading of coal.

The town of Bijeljina is 230 kilometers away from Banja Luka, 200 kilometers from Sarajevo, 130 kilometers Belgrade and 44 kilometers from Brčko.